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Summary Letter,August 16,2007,Page S of 6 '4F DONJ E City of Pequot Lakes,Minnesota Summary Survey of Relevant Literature July 19, 2007 Anderson, Connie and Daniel Otto, "The Economic Impact of Rural Highway Bypasses: Iowa and Minnesota Case Studies,"Office of Advanced Planning,Iowa Department of Transportation, 1991. Found that discontent of local merchants with the bypasses increased with the distance between the bypass and the local central business district(minimal in this case). Several positive externalities were associated with bypasses in the study results:reduced traffic congestion,fewer collisions, and increased sales attributed to the reduced congestion and easier parking. Buress,David, "Impacts of Highway Bypasses on Kansas Towns,"Kansas Department of Transportation, October 1996. Reviewed economic impact of bypasses on twenty-one small Kansas towns, and found that national and regional economic and population trends were more important than bypass construction in determining economic effects. "California Bypass Study,"California Department of Transportation—Transportation Economics,2006. Using four California cases, study found that bypasses often have a negative impact on local economy in the short term, but that retail sales often improve in the longer term. Indicates that bypasses located close to existing downtowns are less likely to hurt local economies. Notes that interchanges for arterials into the downtown can encourage the development of competition to existing businesses. "Economic Effects of Restricting Left Turns,"National Cooperative Highway Research Program,Research Results Digest(August 1998,Vol.231). Considered survey feedback from 250 local, state and federal agencies related to the question of whether(and how) various types of economic uses respond differently to changes in traff c flows. Found that effects depend on extent to which businesses rely on `pass-by"traffic versus those that are more destination-oriented. Noted that property value data is difficult to gather and compare among jurisdictions. "Economic Impact Analysis: St. Croix River Crossing,Minnesota TH 36/Wisconsin STH 64," Economic Development Research Group, Inc., for MnDOT and WisDOT, 2004. Uses methodology of projecting impacts on property based on economic use, in a metro context. "The Economic Impact of Rural Highway Bypasses: Iowa and Minnesota Case Studies," Midwest Transportation Center/Iowa Department of Transportation, 1995.