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i <br /> Parking Management.Strategies, Evaluation and Planning <br /> Victoria Transport Policy Institute <br /> Smart Growth <br /> Smart growth(also called New Urbanism,Location Efficient Development and Transit <br /> Oriented Development)is a general term for development policies that result in more <br /> efficient transportation and land use patterns,by creating more compact, development <br /> with multi-modal transportation systems ("Smart Growth,"VTPI, 2005). <br /> Smart growth supports and is supported by parking management. Parking management <br /> reduces the amount of land required for parking facilities,reduces automobile use and j <br /> increases infill affordability. These land use patterns, in turn,tend to reduce vehicle <br /> ownership and use,and so reduce parking requirements. They allow more sharing of <br /> parking facilities,shifts to alternative modes, and various types of parking pricing. Smart <br /> growth usually incorporates specific parking management strategies,as indicated in <br /> Table 5. Effective parking management is a key component of smart growth. <br /> Table 5 Conventional and Smart Growth Parking Policies <br /> Conventional Parking Policies Smart Growth Parking Policies <br /> I <br /> Managed only for motorist convenience Managed for transport system efficiency <br /> Maximum parking supply optimal parking supply (not too little, not too <br /> Prefers free parking much) <br /> Dedicated parking facilities Prefers priced parking (user pays directly) <br /> Favors lower—density, dispersed Shared parking facilities <br /> development Favors compact development. <br /> 16 <br />